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Shropshire (Detached)
Between the late 11th Century and 1844; the English county of Shropshire (or Salop) possessed a large exclave within the present-day Black Country and surrounding area.〔Treadway Russell Nash (1781) Collections for the History of Worcestershire〕 This territory was gained from neighbouring Worcestershire〔(History of Oldbury, Langley and Warley ) (Story ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 and the exclaves border corresponded with the medieval Manor of Hala (or Halas, Hales). Shropshire (Detached) contained the townships of (what is now known as) Halesowen, plus Oldbury, Warley Salop, Ridgacre, Hunnington, Romsley and Langley. The exceptions were Cradley, Lutley and Warley Wigorn, which were exclaves or enclaves still aligned to the original county.〔Hinson C, (Genealogy UK & Ireland ) – Retrieved 13 August 2014〕〔Worcestershire Record Office, Tithe award for Warley Wigorn.〕 Bounded entirely by Staffordshire and Worcestershire; Hala was part of Brimstree hundred,〔(Worcester Branch of the Birmingham & Midland Society for Genealogy & Heraldry ) (Halesowen Hundred ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 but totally detached from the rest of Shropshire. Bridgnorth; the nearest town within the main body of Shropshire is 16.8 miles (27.03 km) away from Halesowen,〔(Distance between Halesowen to Bridgnorth ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 whilst the county town of Shrewsbury is 34.6 miles (55.62 km) away.〔(Distance from Halesowen to Shrewsbury ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕
In 1844; following enactment of the ''Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844'', Shropshire (Detached) was reunited with Worcestershire and remained within the original county until 1974.〔(H.M. Government ) (Local Government Act 1972 ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 Halesowen and Oldbury are currently part of the metropolitan County of West Midlands,〔Local Government Act 1972 (1972) c. 70 SCHEDULE 1 Part III Section 1〕
==History==
Prior to the Norman Conquest of England in 1066; the Manor of Hala formed a northerly arm of the fledgling county of Worcestershire, within the hundred of Clent.〔(Domesday Map ) (Clent Hundred ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 By 1086 and the time of Domesday; the manor was listed as under the control of Roger de Montgomerie, the 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and his ally 'Roger the Huntsman', ''"Hala: Earl Roger and Roger Hunter from him. Church.″'',〔(The Domesday Book Online ) (Worcestershire Page 2 ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 although integration into Shropshire had not yet taken place.〔(British History ) (History of the County of Worcester Vol III ) - Retrieved 13 August 2013〕 The Domesday Book states that the Earl had an estate within the Manor, with ''"four ploughs at work on his home farm and 36 tenant farmers cultivating the remaining land with 41 ploughs between them. He also had a separate estate in Halesowen, leased to Roger the Huntsman, who had one plough on his own farm and six sub-tenants employing five more ploughs"''〔(Romsley and Hunnington History Society ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 de Picquigny was a French Baron who became 'Sheriff of Buckinghamshire' and founded the 'Barony of Dudley' to administrate his lands across eleven counties of England.〔(Ansculf DE PICQUIGNY Sheriff of Buckinghamshire ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 Warley was divided into two; the Barony of Dudley's lands were known as Warley Wigorn (Warley Worcestershire) and remained in Worcestershire, whilst Earl Roger's segments became integrated into Shropshire, known as Warley Salop (Warley Shropshire).〔(Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council ) (Warley Township ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕 Cradley was also a possession of the Barony of Dudley and thus remained in its original county, along with the hamlet of Lutley which was held by the "Canons of Wolverhampton".〔(British History Online ) (A History of the County of Worcester Vol.III ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕
The Shropshire territories of the Manor remained in the hands of Earl Roger's descendants until 1102, when Robert de Belesme led an unsuccessful rebellion against Henry I and Hala was confiscated by the Crown as a consequence. Henry II gave the Manor to his sister who had married David ap Owen (David, son of Owen) - Prince of Wales in 1174. She restored it to Richard I, although her son Owen still had claims on it. The Manors name was altered slightly, becoming Hales Owen in the 1270s.〔(Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council 'Town Centre Management' ) (A Brief History of Halesowen ) - Retrieved 13 August 2014〕
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